Conventional stereo recordings do not factor in natural ear spacing or " head shadow" of the head and ears, since these things happen naturally as a person listens, generating interaural time differences (ITDs) and interaural level differences (ILDs) specific to their listening position. The term "binaural" has frequently been confused as a synonym for the word " stereo", due in part to systematic misuse in the mid-1950s by the recording industry, as a marketing buzzword. This idea of a three-dimensional or "internal" form of sound has also translated into useful advancement of technology in many things such as stethoscopes creating "in-head" acoustics and IMAX movies being able to create a three-dimensional acoustic experience. Binaural recording is intended for replay using headphones and will not translate properly over stereo speakers. This effect is often created using a technique known as dummy head recording, wherein a mannequin head is fitted with a microphone in each ear. Binaural recording is a method of recording sound that uses two microphones, arranged with the intent to create a 3-D stereo sound sensation for the listener of actually being in the room with the performers or instruments.
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