The normal values listed here-called a reference range-are just a guide. A CBC also helps him or her diagnose conditions, such as anemia, infection, and many other disorders. A CBC helps your doctor check any symptoms, such as weakness, fatigue, or bruising, you may have. Blood cells with different shapes or sizes can help diagnose many blood diseases, such as leukemia, malaria, or sickle cell disease.Ī complete blood count (CBC) gives important information about the kinds and numbers of cells in the blood, especially red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The number, size, and shape of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are recorded. The slide is looked at under a microscope. In this test, a drop of blood is spread (smeared) on a slide and stained with a special dye. Your doctor may order a blood smear test to be done at the same time as a CBC but it is not part of the regular CBC test. If the platelet count is normal, the mean platelet volume can still be too high or too low. Mean platelet volume is used along with platelet count to diagnose some diseases. Mean platelet volume measures the average amount (volume) of platelets. Also, platelets may be involved in hardening of the arteries ( atherosclerosis). If there are too many platelets, there is a chance of a blood clot forming in a blood vessel. If there are too few platelets, uncontrolled bleeding may be a problem. When bleeding occurs, the platelets swell, clump together, and form a sticky plug that helps stop the bleeding. Platelets (thrombocytes) are the smallest type of blood cell. Red cell distribution width (RDW) can also be measured which shows if the cells are all the same or different sizes or shapes. These numbers help in the diagnosis of different types of anemia. The MCHC measures the concentration of hemoglobin in an average red blood cell. The MCH value is the amount of hemoglobin in an average red blood cell. The MCV shows the size of the red blood cells. They are measured by a machine and their values come from other measurements in a CBC. There are three red blood cell indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The hemoglobin test measures the amount of hemoglobin in blood and is a good measure of the blood's ability to carry oxygen throughout the body. It carries oxygen and gives the blood cell its red colour.
The hemoglobin molecule fills up the red blood cells. Hematocrit and hemoglobin values are the two major tests that show if anemia or polycythemia is present. For example, a hematocrit of 38 means that 38% of the blood's volume is made of red blood cells. The value is given as a percentage of red blood cells in a volume of blood. This test measures the amount of space (volume) red blood cells take up in the blood. Hematocrit (HCT, packed cell volume, PCV).This also makes it hard for your red blood cells to carry oxygen. If the count is too high (a condition called polycythemia), there is a chance that the red blood cells will clump together and block tiny blood vessels (capillaries). If the RBC count is low (anemia), the body may not be getting the oxygen it needs. They also carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs so it can be exhaled. Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Too many or too few of the different types of white blood cells can help find an infection, an allergic or toxic reaction to medicines or chemicals, and many conditions, such as leukemia. The numbers of each one of these types of white blood cells give important information about the immune system. Each type of cell plays a different role in protecting the body. Immature neutrophils, called band neutrophils, are also part of this test. The major types of white blood cells are neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
White blood cell types (WBC differential).The number of white blood cells is sometimes used to find an infection or to see how the body is dealing with cancer treatment. When a person has a bacterial infection, the number of white cells rises very quickly. White blood cells are bigger than red blood cells but fewer in number. If an infection develops, white blood cells attack and destroy the bacteria, virus, or other organism causing it. White blood cells protect the body against infection. White blood cell (WBC, leukocyte) count.A complete blood count (CBC) gives important information about the kinds and numbers of cells in the blood, especially red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
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